Description
South Tyrol, Northern Italy, faces a significant data gap regarding wild bee diversity. In this study, we present findings from 3,313 wild bee specimens collected over two consecutive years in two different studies in agricultural and mountainous environments. Using colored pan traps, we identified 150 species and documented their occurrence data. Our species list enhances regional and national wild bee databases by providing new distribution records for EU extinction-threatened species, including Dufourea dentiventris, Dufourea inermis, Lasioglossum brevicorne, Lasioglossum laevigatum, Lasioglossum monstrificum, Nomada mutica, and Nomada villosa. Additionally, we report recent records of species that help document range expansions, update historical data, and highlight previously unrecorded species in South Tyrol.
Data Records
The data in this sampling event resource has been published as a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A), which is a standardized format for sharing biodiversity data as a set of one or more data tables. The core data table contains 1,427 records.
1 extension data tables also exist. An extension record supplies extra information about a core record. The number of records in each extension data table is illustrated below.
This IPT archives the data and thus serves as the data repository. The data and resource metadata are available for download in the downloads section. The versions table lists other versions of the resource that have been made publicly available and allows tracking changes made to the resource over time.
Versions
The table below shows only published versions of the resource that are publicly accessible.
How to cite
Researchers should cite this work as follows:
Zanini S, Dainese M, Kopf T, Obwegs L, Anderle M, Leitinger G, Tappeiner U (2025): Wild Bee Distribution Records in South Tyrol. v1.0. Biodiversity Data Journal. Dataset/Samplingevent. https://ipt.pensoft.net/resource?r=southtyrol_apidae_wildbee_z&v=1.0
Rights
Researchers should respect the following rights statement:
The publisher and rights holder of this work is Biodiversity Data Journal. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY 4.0) License.
GBIF Registration
This resource has been registered with GBIF, and assigned the following GBIF UUID: 9b70e844-3bc3-414a-8cdd-c664be0836de. Biodiversity Data Journal publishes this resource, and is itself registered in GBIF as a data publisher endorsed by Participant Node Managers Committee.
Keywords
Occurrence; wild bee; Apoidea; pollinator; Hymenoptera; mountain; conservation
Contacts
- Metadata Provider ●
- Point Of Contact
- Phd student
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8478-1101
- Originator
- Entomologist
- Originator ●
- Point Of Contact
- Phd student
- Metadata Provider ●
- Point Of Contact
- PhD student
Geographic Coverage
The collection consists of wild bees sampled in 33 locations in South Tyrol, a mountainous region in Italy.
| Bounding Coordinates | South West [-90, -180], North East [90, 180] |
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Taxonomic Coverage
No Description available
| Superfamily | Apoidea |
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Sampling Methods
In the first study (2021) we positioned nine white pan traps at each site to attract wild bees visiting apple flowers. Pan traps were plastic plant saucers (Geli GmbH; 500 mL, internal diameter of 14.5 cm), which were coated with white UV-reflecting colour (Spray-ColorGmbH, Sparvar Leuchtfarbe). Pan traps were arranged along three adjacent rows of trees at the centre of each orchard. Each trap was placed at 1.10 m height at the branch level and spaced 10 m apart along the row (3 m between rows and 10 m from the field margins). Pan traps were filled with water and detergent (one tablespoon of uncoloured, unscented liquid soap per 5 L of water) to reduce surface tension and were deployed for 48 hours in the field. The biological content of each trap was preserved in 70% ethanol. Similarly, also in the second study (2022) pan traps were filled with water and detergent. However, in this case, pan traps were left in the field for 24 hours. Together with white pan traps, we also used blue and yellow ones to attract a broader range of wild bee species. In every site, two sets of three UV-reflecting pan traps (same product specifics as in 2021) were placed at vegetation height. Each set consisted of a blue, a white, and a yellow pan trap placed 5 m apart. The sets were placed 10 m apart and at least 10 m from field margins.
| Study Extent | The sampling are is South Tyrol, in Northern Italy. In the first study, we visited 14 apple orchards distributed along a gradient from apple-dominated surroundings to a more heterogeneous landscape matrix. Data collection occurred during the apple tree blossoming season (14th April – 3rd June 2021). Sampling comprised three rounds: early, peak, and late mass flowering, with an average interval of 8 ± 3 days between rounds. The second study investigated how wild bee diversity and pollination services were influenced by elevation (coincident with a climatic gradient) and a bioindicator reflecting the local biodiversity used as a proxy for land-use intensity. In this study, we visited a total of twenty-four sites: five apple orchards (visited previously during the first survey), five vineyards, four pastures, six meadows, two orchard meadows, and two annual crops (potato fields). Three rounds of sampling were conducted between 10th May and 18th July 2022, with an average interval of 29 ± 5 days between repetitions. |
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Method step description:
- For the bees collected during the first year, a specimen (of both sexes, if present) per species per site was prepared to be stored in an insect box. In the second year, we prepared one specimen (of both sexes if present) per species. All the other bees are labelled, temporarily stored in 70% ethanol, and checked regularly in case ethanol refilling is necessary. The specimens will be temporarily kept by the Institute for Alpine Environment at Eurac Research for further research and then gifted to the “Naturmuseum Südtirol”, the South Tyrol Museum of Nature in Bolzano/Bozen.
Additional Metadata
| Alternative Identifiers | https://ipt.pensoft.net/resource?r=southtyrol_apidae_wildbee_z |
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